Reinforcement and Quality Control of Concrete Structures

With the continuous development of the market economy in our country, the construction industry has also experienced rapid growth. However, many problems exist in buildings constructed in the past, which can seriously threaten people's safety and property. Therefore, it is essential to reinforce concrete structures to ensure the convenience of daily life and improve the safety quality of buildings.

The cast-in-place reinforcement method is one of the most common techniques in the construction of reinforced concrete structures and is widely applied in our country’s construction industry. This technique mainly involves pouring concrete on-site to support the structure’s formwork, with the reinforcement plan tailored to the specific building being constructed. This ensures that the poured structure is more stable. Currently, the advantages of using cast-in-place reinforcement in construction are becoming increasingly apparent. It not only reduces construction costs but also enhances the safety of buildings. Moreover, this method does not require large machinery, which further saves costs and increases the operability of concrete structure reinforcement.

The direct reinforcement method is based on the building's structural characteristics and is a more targeted approach. It primarily involves section reinforcement, fiber reinforcement, and steel bonding reinforcement.

When concrete beams are significantly affected, it is necessary to redesign the structure. During construction, strict adherence to the drawings is required to enlarge the cross-sectional area of the concrete, which strengthens the flexural and tensile strength of the beams. The greater the cross-section area of the concrete members, the higher their load-bearing capacity, which is directly proportional to the area. By increasing the cross-sectional area, this method can effectively reinforce the structure.

Steel bonding reinforcement involves attaching steel plates to areas with insufficient load-bearing capacity, thereby enhancing their strength. For instance, in the structure of electrical buildings, the ceiling is often the weakest part. During reinforcement design, a steel structure can be used for support, making the entire building more robust.

The fiber reinforcement method addresses tensile forces by bonding materials to specific areas, ultimately aimed at increasing the load-bearing capacity of the structure. For example, fiber-reinforced composite materials can be used in buildings to enhance areas subject to tensile forces.

The indirect reinforcement method is based on the stress conditions of the building. The stability of a structure can be affected by uneven stress on concrete components. By adjusting the stress distribution, the building can be made more stable. In the design of reinforcement structures, to limit the bending moment caused by external loads, prestressing can be applied to concrete beams. This ensures that the load-bearing capacity of the beams remains within acceptable limits and enhances their bending resistance. A common method of indirect reinforcement is the use of prestressed horizontal rods, which can effectively prevent cracking.

The prestressed horizontal rod method is implemented by applying loads that the building might bear, leading to a redesign of the structural resistance. This also involves strict control over cracks, length, and width in the structure, thereby improving its crack resistance and extending its service life. Generally, high-performance building materials are required for prestressed reinforcement, ensuring that construction quality is maintained while also adhering to budget constraints. Typically, horizontal prestressed reinforcement is adopted due to its strong compressive strength and superior stability compared to other methods.

Controlling raw materials is a primary method for ensuring the quality of construction technology for reinforcing concrete structures. The quality of cement directly affects the quality of the reinforcement. Therefore, it is essential to have a thorough understanding of cement properties to effectively distinguish between different types and to select the appropriate cement based on specific construction requirements. Special attention should be paid to moisture protection during cement storage. The quality of aggregates also impacts the quality of concrete. When selecting aggregates, it is important to consider their mechanical properties, impurity content, and storage conditions to ensure that all indicators meet construction requirements. Additionally, aggregates should be sampled and tested for quality before use, and moisture content should be strictly controlled during use.

The water used for mixing concrete also needs to be monitored. If conditions allow, it is advisable to choose water with lower impurity levels or to use tap water for mixing. It is best to avoid using recycled water from car washing, as it may contain organic oils and other impurities that can negatively affect concrete quality.

Based on the engineering design drawings, suitable aggregates, cement, and mixing water should be selected and mixed in appropriate proportions. This ensures the stability and toughness of the concrete's strength. Adjustments can be made during construction based on the concrete's compressive strength, stability, and crack resistance needs, maximizing the economic benefits of the concrete.

In concrete reinforcement construction, the mixing of concrete is a critical phase that directly affects construction quality. During mixing, it is essential to strictly follow the weight specifications provided in the mixing list. The specific mixing process is as follows: first, add cement, fine aggregates, and admixtures to the mixer. After mixing these materials thoroughly, appropriate water is added to form a slurry. Once the slurry is well mixed, coarse aggregates are added in strict accordance with the specified proportions. During mixing, it is important to monitor the mixing time and ensure that the cement is adequately mixed. Inspections should be conducted throughout the process, and large-scale use should only occur after meeting the standards.。

Before pouring concrete, the construction supervisor must strictly control the concrete as specified in the design plan and closely monitor the mixed concrete. Emergency preparedness should be in place for unexpected issues during construction, and construction quality must be rigorously controlled. The use of rebar and other connecting methods should not be overlooked during construction. After pouring, it is necessary to perform secondary vibration before the concrete sets. This ensures that tension and tensile strength are continuously increased and reduces voids in the concrete, enhancing its crack resistance. Additionally, secondary vibration serves as a good quality check for the concrete pouring process. If significant cracks appear after secondary vibration, rework will be necessary. It is crucial to ensure that secondary vibration is conducted within normal operational parameters to guarantee the quality of the concrete construction.